是什麽原因導致報錯呢？

A. 您電腦上已經運行了TWS程序

B. 有程序阻止了平臺自動更新

C. 您的防火墻阻止了平臺自動更新

D. 您太長時間沒有啓動過TWS

A. 您電腦上已經運行了TWS程序

如果您的電腦上已經有其它TWS會話在運行（可見進程或後臺進程），則會使更新程序被占用，無法對應用程序的核心文件進行更新。這種情况下，請按以下步驟操作：

如果您能在桌面或任務欄中找到TWS窗口，把它調到前臺，使用TWS頂部菜單文件 -> 退出將其關閉。然後再啓動TWS，等待其完成自動更新。届時您將會看到TWS登錄窗口，在此輸入用戶名和密碼登錄。

如果找不到TWS窗口，TWS程序可能仍在運行。這通常是因爲TWS沒有正確關閉或沒有響應。這種情况下，您可以使用任務管理器來終止程序。請根據您的操作系統按以下步驟操作：

Windows

1. 在鍵盤上同時按住CTRL、ALT和DEL，選擇任務管理器

2. 在“進程”下，如果看到有名稱爲TWS.exe或update.exe的進程在運行，請勾選。勾選後，點擊任務管理器窗口右下角的“結束任務”或“强制結束”按鈕

3. 如果出于某種原因您無法通過任務管理器終止進程，請重啓電腦

Mac

          1. 在鍵盤上同時按住CMD、OPT和ESC

          2. 選擇“Trader Workstation”進程幷點擊“强制結束”

          3. 如果出于某種原因您無法終止進程，請重啓電腦

B. 有程序阻止了平臺自動更新

您電腦上的某個程序（如殺毒軟件）可能會錯誤地將TWS更新程序的行爲理解成可疑或具有威脅性，從而阻止其運行或連接TWS存儲庫服務器。如果出現這種情况，請參見IBKB 3424瞭解解决方法。

C. 您的防火墻阻止了平臺自動更新

您的防火墻設置可能會阻止TWS更新程序和TWS存儲庫服務器之間的網絡通信。 

如果出現這種情况，您可以修改防火墻設置，允許向以下端口爲TCP 443的主機開放對外網絡連接：

download2.interactivebrokers.com

download.interactivebrokers.com

有關TWS所使用的主機和端口的信息，請參見IBKB 2816的“桌面版TWS”部分。

D. 您太長時間沒有啓動過TWS

這種情况下，自動更新程序可能無法彌合您當前運行的TWS和最新版TWS之間的版本差距。如果出現這種情况，請下載幷運行與您當前所使用的程序類型相同的TWS安裝程序：

• 如果您使用的是TWS穩定版 -> 下載幷運行TWS安裝程序
• 如果您使用的是TWS最新版 -> 下載幷運行TWS最新版安裝程序

安裝完成後，雙擊桌面上的“Trader Workstation”快捷方式即可啓動平臺。

WHAT IS IBKR DOING TO PROTECT ITS CLIENTS?

We are actively working, with high priority, to mitigate the threat on several levels:

• We have patched all our servers accessible externally (from the Internet) with a version of Log4j that is not susceptible to this vulnerability.
• We have upgraded our Trader Workstation (TWS) software and our TWS installers with a version of Log4j that is not susceptible to this vulnerability.
• We have updated our security infrastructure (including network firewalls, application firewalls, intrusion detection tools, etc.) with the latest protection measures that help detect and block cyber-attacks that attempt to exploit the Log4j vulnerability.
• We continue our ongoing efforts to fully identify and patch any impacted internal systems (those that are not accessible from the Internet).
• We continue monitoring the evolving industry threats and adopt additional mitigation measures as needed.

ACTION REQUIRED

We are committed to providing a secure environment for your assets and trading activities. To that end, we request that our clients give priority to the use of the LATEST TWS version, which will auto-update. Should you have the STABLE or any OFFLINE version, which does not auto-update, please ensure that you take the necessary steps to keep your TWS in line with the latest security fixes.

Table of content

Downloading the TWS installer and update patches

The TWS installers available in the download areas of ibkr.com or IBKR regional web sites are sealed and digitally signed using all the safety procedures required by the industry standards and do not contain any malicious code or process. The same industry standard practices have been used for the TWS update patches, which are automatically downloaded and installed when launching the TWS (if and only if there is an update available). Nevertheless, if you have received an alert, we recommend you to be cautious. Should you intend to keep the TWS installation file on your machine for future use, you should make sure that the same precautions for the protection of data from viruses and malware are applied to it.

Why do I receive a warning when I install the TWS or when the TWS automatic update runs?

You might see an alert (similar to Figure 1 but not limited to) and your security system would wait for your input on how to process the suspicious file. You usually have the option to quarantine the file, delete it, ignore it once or create a permanent exception for it.

Please note that your antivirus might autonomously quarantine or delete the TWS installer file or some of his components without asking for your confirmation and without showing you any warning. Nevertheless, this should only happen if you have preset your antivirus to specifically react in this way.

Figure 1.

What should I do when I receive a warning?

In case you receive a warning during the TWS installation or update, we recommend the following steps:

1. Delete the TWS installer and download it again from the IBKR main or regional web site

a) Delete the TWS installer file already present on your computer and then delete it as well from your Trash (empty your Trash)

b) From the table below, click on the TWS download area correspondent to your location

c) Check the website certificate. Most Internet browsers will immediately alert you in case the site certificate is invalid, compromised or expired. Nevertheless, if you want to check manually the validity of the site certificate, click on the padlock close to the address (URL) and make sure the Connection is reported as secure and no security warning are present (see Figure 2 below).

Figure 2.

d) Click on the button labeled with the TWS version you wish to use and download again the TWS installer

2. Check the digital signature of the TWS installer file you have downloaded

Normally you will immediately receive a security warning in case the digital signature of a file is compromised. Nevertheless, if you wish to perform a manual check, proceed as follows, according to your Operating System:

For Windows

a) From the Windows file explorer, access your Downloads folder or the folder where you placed the TWS installer

b) Right click on the TWS installer file, select Properties and then click on the tab "Digital Signatures"

c) Click on "Details" and on "View Certificate" to check the certificate status and signer. The legitimate signer is "IB Exchange Corp." (See Figure 3 below)

Figure 3.

For Mac OS X

a) Click on the magnifier glass (Spotlight Search) on the top right of your screen and type Terminal. From the search results, launch the Terminal app

b) Type cd Downloads and press Enter

c) Type codesign -dv --verbose=4 tws-latest-macosx-x64.dmg and press Enter. Please notice that the name of the file (tws-latest-macosx-x64.dmg) may differ according to the TWS version you decided to download. If needed, replace the file name in the command with the appropriate one

d) Check the command output and make sure the "Developer ID Application" is "IB Exchange Corp." (see Figure 4 below)

Figure 4.

3. Run the TWS installer file you have downloaded

Once you have downloaded again the TWS installer and after you made sure the file is original (points 1. and 2. above), you can proceed with the installation. Should you still receive a warning from your antivirus, you can reasonably consider it as a false positive and ignore it.  Should you need guidance on this step, please proceed directly to the next section.

How can I signal an Alert as false positive?

All modern security systems allow the creation of exceptions, precisely in order to address false positive cases.  An exception is a rule forcing the antivirus engine not to scan a specific file or process. That specific file or process will hence be deemed safe and no further alerts will be raised for it.

The procedure for creating an exception may vary, according to the security software you are using. You may be able to create a temporary or permanent exception directly from the alert pop-up or you may have to create one manually from a specific section in the main configuration panel.

If you are unsure of the procedure, we recommend you to consult your antivirus documentation.

Once you have set an exception for the TWS installer file or for the TWS updater process, those will be no longer blocked and will be able to complete their respective tasks successfully.

What else can I do if I have doubts or if my system behaves abnormally?

If you have reasons to believe your machine may be compromised or infected, we recommend performing a full system scan. Usually you can right click on the antivirus icon present on the bottom taskbar (for Windows) or on the upper menu bar (for MacOS) and you will find the option to launch a full system scan. Alternatively, you may start that task from the main antivirus window. If you are unsure of the procedure, we recommend you to consult your antivirus documentation.

Technical Background

How does my security system scan the files I download from the Internet?

Modern antivirus and anti-malware engines base their threats recognition on:

Signature-based scanning: the antivirus scanner searches for a specific pattern of bytes that was previously catalogued as malicious or at least suspicious. The antivirus may check as well file signatures (called hash) against a database of known threats (called virus definitions).

Analysis of behavior: the antivirus engine detects specific actions which individually may not represent a threat but, when correlated together, resemble the usual activity of a malicious software (e.g. the ability of a code to replicate or hide itself, download additional files from the Internet, contact external hosts over the Internet, modify the Operating System registry) This type of scan is designed to detect previously unknown computer threats.

Heuristic detection: the scanner de-compiles the code or runs it within a virtual, restricted environment. It then classifies and weights the actions performed by the code against a predefined, behavior based, rule set.

Cloud-based protection and machine learning: those are relatively new techniques. The file that needs to be analyzed is sent to the antivirus / security system vendor cloud where sophisticated algorithms perform a deep analysis of the code authenticity and behavior.

Are those scan methods infallible?

Modern threats are very sophisticated and, like biological viruses, can mutate their code and their signatures. Moreover, new malwares and exploits are created every day and spread rapidly over the Internet. The threat recognition methods mentioned above are therefore not infallible but can guarantee a high percentage of malware recognition when combined together.

While signature based techniques are very successful in recognizing known threats and less prone to false positives, they are not so efficient in recognizing unknown malware or mutations of existing ones. In this area, the behavioral and heuristic methods perform much better although they are more prone to false positives since their detection is not based on bare code matching but on a certain degree of interpretation and hence uncertainty.

The term "false positive" is used when a security system classifies an innocuous file or process as malware.

Reference:

• Click here to find out more about Security Best Practices at IBKR

Procedure:

 

7. Once the installation has completed successfully, repeat the previous steps from 1. to 5. setting back the permissions of “everyone” to “Read Only” to revert your changes to the initial status